Automating service account role mapping in Keycloak

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

To automate service account role mapping in Keycloak using Pulumi, we need to define the roles and service account clients in Keycloak, and then assign those roles to the service account for a client. We'll be using the `keycloak` package which provides resources for managing Keycloak configuration.

Below is an outline of the steps we will take in the Pulumi program:

1. Create a Keycloak Realm, if it doesn't exist. A Realm in Keycloak is essentially a workspace that contains all other Keycloak resources.
2. Create a Keycloak Client that represents an application that will use Keycloak to authenticate users. In Keycloak, clients can also have service accounts which allow for server-to-server communication.
3. Create a Keycloak Role, which defines a set of permissions that can be assigned to users or service accounts.
4. Create a Keycloak Service Account for the client and map the previously created role to this service account.

Here's a Pulumi program in TypeScript that accomplishes the above tasks:

```typescript
import * as pulumi from '@pulumi/pulumi';
import * as keycloak from '@pulumi/keycloak';

// Replace "example-realm" with the desired Realm name
const realm = new keycloak.Realm("example-realm", {
    realm: "example-realm",
    enabled: true,
});

// Replace "example-client" with the desired client name
const client = new keycloak.openid.Client("example-client", {
    realmId: realm.id,
    clientId: "example-client",
    enabled: true,
    clientAuthenticatorType: "client-secret",
    serviceAccountsEnabled: true,
    standardFlowEnabled: true, // or false, depending on your flow requirements
    directAccessGrantsEnabled: true, // or false
    fullScopeAllowed: false, // Set to false to disable the full scope allowed setting
    // Make sure to provide the rest of the required properties as per your setup
});

// Replace "example-role" with the desired role name
const role = new keycloak.Role("example-role", {
    realmId: realm.id,
    name: "example-role",
});

// Map the role to the service account client
const serviceAccountRole = new keycloak.openid.ClientServiceAccountRole("serviceAccountRole", {
    role: role.id,
    realmId: realm.id,
    clientId: client.id,
    // `serviceAccountUserId` is the ID of the user account associated with the client's service account
    serviceAccountUserId: client.serviceAccountId,
});

// Exporting relevant URIs and IDs that might be useful for further configurations or reference
export const realmName = realm.realm;
export const clientId = client.id;
export const roleName = role.name;
export const serviceAccountRoleMappingId = serviceAccountRole.id;
```

This program defines the necessary components in a Keycloak setup for managing service account role mappings:

- `keycloak.Realm`: Represents a Keycloak realm, which is a top-level container for configurations. Realms separate instances of groups, roles, users and so on.
- `keycloak.openid.Client`: Represents a client in Keycloak. It can be a frontend application, a backend resource server, or a service account itself.
- `keycloak.Role`: Represents a role in Keycloak, which can be assigned to users or service accounts. Roles can represent sets of permissions or capabilities.
- `keycloak.openid.ClientServiceAccountRole`: Binds a role to the service account associated with a Keycloak client. Service accounts are used for server-to-server communication.

To apply this program with Pulumi:

1. Save the code to a file with a `.ts` extension, for example, `keycloak-setup.ts`.
2. Run `pulumi up` to preview and deploy the changes. pulumi will show you a preview of the resources that will be created.
3. If you're satisfied with the preview, proceed to confirm the deployment.

Ensure all required packages are installed by running `npm install @pulumi/pulumi @pulumi/keycloak`.

Remember to customize the `realm`, `clientId`, and `role` settings as needed for your use case. You also need to provide any other client properties that your setup might require.

After running this Pulumi program, your Keycloak setup will have a realm, a client with a service account enabled, and a role mapped to the client's service account, all of which can be used for authentication and authorization purposes.