Using kubernetes k8s.keycloak.org with stable.nchanged.io

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

To achieve the goal of using Keycloak on Kubernetes, you will generally need to follow these steps:

1. **Set up a Kubernetes cluster**: You need a Kubernetes cluster to deploy Keycloak. You can use any cloud provider like AWS, GCP, Azure, or a local Kubernetes cluster like Minikube for development purposes.

2. **Deploy Keycloak using Kubernetes resources**: Keycloak can be deployed on Kubernetes using various resources such as Deployments, Services, ConfigMaps, PersistentVolumeClaims, etc.

3. **Configure Keycloak**: You may need to configure realms, clients, roles, and users either through the Keycloak administration console or using Keycloak's REST API.

4. **Expose Keycloak to the outside world**: You typically use a Service of type LoadBalancer or an Ingress controller to make Keycloak accessible outside the Kubernetes cluster.

5. **Manage Keycloak state**: In a production environment, you will want to store Keycloak's state in a database for persistence.

Let's start with a basic Pulumi TypeScript program that deploys Keycloak on Kubernetes using high-level abstractions. The program will create a Kubernetes namespace for Keycloak, deploy Keycloak using a pre-existing Docker image from the `jboss/keycloak` repository, and expose it using a service of type LoadBalancer.

Please ensure that you have Pulumi installed and configured with the appropriate cloud provider credentials, and the Kubernetes context is set to the target cluster where you want to deploy Keycloak.

Here's a Pulumi program that accomplishes the deployment:

```typescript
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create a Kubernetes Namespace for Keycloak
const keycloakNamespace = new k8s.core.v1.Namespace("keycloak-ns", {
   metadata: { name: "keycloak" },
});

// Define the Keycloak Deployment
const keycloakDeployment = new k8s.apps.v1.Deployment("keycloak-deployment", {
   metadata: {
       namespace: keycloakNamespace.metadata.name,
       labels: { app: "keycloak" },
   },
   spec: {
       replicas: 1,
       selector: { matchLabels: { app: "keycloak" } },
       template: {
           metadata: { labels: { app: "keycloak" } },
           spec: {
               containers: [{
                   name: "keycloak",
                   image: "jboss/keycloak", // Use the official Keycloak docker image
                   env: [ // Define environment variables for Keycloak configurations
                       {
                           name: "KEYCLOAK_USER",
                           value: "admin", // Default admin user
                       },
                       {
                           name: "KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD",
                           value: "password", // Replace with a secure password
                       },
                   ],
                   ports: [{ containerPort: 8080 }], // Keycloak HTTP port
               }],
           },
       },
   },
}, { dependsOn: [keycloakNamespace] });

// Expose Keycloak using a Kubernetes Service of type LoadBalancer
const keycloakService = new k8s.core.v1.Service("keycloak-service", {
   metadata: {
       namespace: keycloakNamespace.metadata.name,
       labels: keycloakDeployment.metadata.labels,
   },
   spec: {
       type: "LoadBalancer",
       ports: [{ port: 80, targetPort: 8080 }],
       selector: keycloakDeployment.spec.selector.matchLabels,
   },
}, { dependsOn: [keycloakDeployment] });

// Export the Keycloak Service's external IP
export const keycloakUrl = keycloakService.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].hostname;
```

### Explanation

- **Namespace**: We create a namespace for Keycloak to keep all the resources organized and separated from other applications in the cluster.

- **Deployment**: The `Deployment` describes the desired state for Keycloak, including using the Docker image for Keycloak, setting up an administrative user, and the HTTP port it listens to.

- **Service**: The `Service` of type `LoadBalancer` exposes Keycloak on an external IP address so that it is accessible from outside the Kubernetes cluster.

- **Environmental Variables**: We define environment variables like `KEYCLOAK_USER` and `KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD` to set up the default admin user.

### What's Next?

After running this Pulumi program, Keycloak will be deployed to your Kubernetes cluster, and you will have an external IP where you can access the Keycloak admin console.

- You might want to replace `value: "password"` with a secure password or use a Kubernetes Secret to manage sensitive information.
- In a production setting, you would also configure persistence for Keycloak by connecting it to a database and likely use an Ingress controller instead of a LoadBalancer service for better control over the HTTP traffic.

### Considerations

- Make sure to handle data persistence so that Keycloak can maintain its state across pod restarts.
- For production use, it is recommended to secure the Keycloak administration console with SSL/TLS.
- It is preferable to manage the Keycloak configuration as code, so that changes are versioned and can be rolled out reliably.

Please replace `"password"` with actual secure credentials before deploying to any environment. Additionally, consider customizing the Keycloak deployment to suit your specific requirements and security standards.