How do I build a Kubernetes autoscaling horizontalpodautoscaler?

In this guide, we will create a Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) using Pulumi. The HPA automatically scales the number of pods in a deployment based on observed CPU utilization. This ensures that your application can handle varying levels of traffic efficiently.

Key Points

We will create a Kubernetes Deployment.
We will define a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler for the Deployment.
The HPA will scale the pods based on CPU utilization.

Below is the Pulumi program in TypeScript:

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create a Kubernetes namespace
const ns = new k8s.core.v1.Namespace("app-ns");

// Create a Kubernetes Deployment
const appLabels = { app: "myapp" };
const deployment = new k8s.apps.v1.Deployment("myapp-deployment", {
    metadata: {
        namespace: ns.metadata.name,
    },
    spec: {
        selector: { matchLabels: appLabels },
        replicas: 1,
        template: {
            metadata: { labels: appLabels },
            spec: {
                containers: [{
                    name: "myapp",
                    image: "nginx",
                    resources: {
                        requests: {
                            cpu: "100m"
                        },
                        limits: {
                            cpu: "500m"
                        }
                    }
                }],
            },
        },
    },
});

// Create a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler
const hpa = new k8s.autoscaling.v2beta2.HorizontalPodAutoscaler("myapp-hpa", {
    metadata: {
        namespace: ns.metadata.name,
    },
    spec: {
        scaleTargetRef: {
            apiVersion: "apps/v1",
            kind: "Deployment",
            name: deployment.metadata.name,
        },
        minReplicas: 1,
        maxReplicas: 10,
        metrics: [{
            type: "Resource",
            resource: {
                name: "cpu",
                target: {
                    type: "Utilization",
                    averageUtilization: 50,
                },
            },
        }],
    },
});

Summary

In this guide, we created a Kubernetes namespace, a Deployment, and a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler using Pulumi. The HPA automatically scales the number of pods in the deployment based on CPU utilization, ensuring efficient resource usage and handling varying traffic loads.

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