How do I set up MongoDB Persistent Volumes in Kubernetes?

This guide will walk you through setting up MongoDB with Persistent Volumes in a Kubernetes cluster using Pulumi. Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs) are used to manage storage in a Kubernetes cluster. We will create a PV and PVC for MongoDB to ensure that data is stored persistently.

Key Points

Persistent Volume (PV): A piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator.
Persistent Volume Claim (PVC): A request for storage by a user.
MongoDB Deployment: A MongoDB instance running in the Kubernetes cluster using the defined PV and PVC.

Implementation

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create a Persistent Volume (PV)
const pv = new k8s.core.v1.PersistentVolume("mongo-pv", {
    metadata: {
        name: "mongo-pv"
    },
    spec: {
        capacity: {
            storage: "1Gi"
        },
        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"],
        persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: "Retain",
        hostPath: {
            path: "/mnt/data"
        }
    }
});

// Create a Persistent Volume Claim (PVC)
const pvc = new k8s.core.v1.PersistentVolumeClaim("mongo-pvc", {
    metadata: {
        name: "mongo-pvc"
    },
    spec: {
        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"],
        resources: {
            requests: {
                storage: "1Gi"
            }
        }
    }
});

// MongoDB Deployment
const mongoDeployment = new k8s.apps.v1.Deployment("mongo-deployment", {
    metadata: {
        name: "mongo-deployment"
    },
    spec: {
        selector: {
            matchLabels: {
                app: "mongo"
            }
        },
        replicas: 1,
        template: {
            metadata: {
                labels: {
                    app: "mongo"
                }
            },
            spec: {
                containers: [{
                    name: "mongo",
                    image: "mongo:4.2",
                    ports: [{
                        containerPort: 27017
                    }],
                    volumeMounts: [{
                        name: "mongo-storage",
                        mountPath: "/data/db"
                    }]
                }],
                volumes: [{
                    name: "mongo-storage",
                    persistentVolumeClaim: {
                        claimName: "mongo-pvc"
                    }
                }]
            }
        }
    }
});

// Export the MongoDB service URL
export const mongoServiceUrl = mongoDeployment.metadata.name;

Summary

In this guide, we set up a MongoDB instance with Persistent Volumes in a Kubernetes cluster using Pulumi. We created a Persistent Volume (PV) and a Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) to ensure that MongoDB data is stored persistently. Finally, we deployed MongoDB using these storage resources.

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