How do I monitor Kubernetes pod network traffic with Prometheus?

In this guide, we will set up monitoring of Kubernetes pod network traffic using Prometheus with Pulumi. We will deploy Prometheus on a Kubernetes cluster and configure it to scrape metrics from the pods. This involves creating a Kubernetes namespace, deploying Prometheus, and setting up the necessary configurations.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create a Kubernetes namespace for monitoring
const monitoringNamespace = new k8s.core.v1.Namespace("monitoring", {
    metadata: { name: "monitoring" },
});

// Define Prometheus deployment
const prometheusDeployment = new k8s.apps.v1.Deployment("prometheus", {
    metadata: {
        namespace: monitoringNamespace.metadata.name,
        name: "prometheus",
    },
    spec: {
        replicas: 1,
        selector: {
            matchLabels: { app: "prometheus" },
        },
        template: {
            metadata: {
                labels: { app: "prometheus" },
            },
            spec: {
                containers: [{
                    name: "prometheus",
                    image: "prom/prometheus:v2.26.0",
                    ports: [{ containerPort: 9090 }],
                    volumeMounts: [{
                        name: "config-volume",
                        mountPath: "/etc/prometheus",
                    }],
                }],
                volumes: [{
                    name: "config-volume",
                    configMap: {
                        name: "prometheus-config",
                    },
                }],
            },
        },
    },
});

// Define Prometheus service
const prometheusService = new k8s.core.v1.Service("prometheus", {
    metadata: {
        namespace: monitoringNamespace.metadata.name,
        name: "prometheus",
    },
    spec: {
        selector: { app: "prometheus" },
        ports: [{
            port: 9090,
            targetPort: 9090,
            protocol: "TCP",
        }],
    },
});

// Create a ConfigMap for Prometheus configuration
const prometheusConfigMap = new k8s.core.v1.ConfigMap("prometheus-config", {
    metadata: {
        namespace: monitoringNamespace.metadata.name,
        name: "prometheus-config",
    },
    data: {
        "prometheus.yml": `
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
    kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: pod
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_app]
        action: keep
        regex: .*
`,
    },
});

// Export the Prometheus service URL
export const prometheusServiceUrl = prometheusService.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].hostname;

Key Points

Created a Kubernetes namespace for monitoring resources.
Deployed Prometheus using a Kubernetes Deployment.
Exposed Prometheus via a Kubernetes Service.
Configured Prometheus to scrape metrics from Kubernetes pods using a ConfigMap.

Summary

In this guide, we successfully set up monitoring of Kubernetes pod network traffic using Prometheus with Pulumi. We created the necessary Kubernetes resources, including a namespace, deployment, service, and configuration, to deploy and configure Prometheus for monitoring pod metrics.

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