How do I provision dynamic persistent volumes for stateful applications?

In this guide, we will provision dynamic persistent volumes for stateful applications in a Kubernetes cluster using Pulumi. We will create a StorageClass which defines the provisioner and parameters for dynamic volume provisioning, and a StatefulSet which ensures that each pod gets its own persistent volume.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create a StorageClass for dynamic provisioning
const storageClass = new k8s.storage.v1.StorageClass("dynamic-storage-class", {
    metadata: { name: "dynamic-storage-class" },
    provisioner: "kubernetes.io/aws-ebs", // Change this based on your cloud provider
    parameters: {
        type: "gp2" // Parameter for AWS EBS, change based on your cloud provider
    },
    reclaimPolicy: "Retain",
    volumeBindingMode: "WaitForFirstConsumer"
});

// Create a StatefulSet with a persistent volume claim template
const statefulSet = new k8s.apps.v1.StatefulSet("stateful-app", {
    metadata: { name: "stateful-app" },
    spec: {
        serviceName: "stateful-app",
        replicas: 3,
        selector: {
            matchLabels: { app: "stateful-app" }
        },
        template: {
            metadata: { labels: { app: "stateful-app" } },
            spec: {
                containers: [{
                    name: "app",
                    image: "nginx",
                    volumeMounts: [{
                        name: "data",
                        mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
                    }]
                }]
            }
        },
        volumeClaimTemplates: [{
            metadata: { name: "data" },
            spec: {
                accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"],
                storageClassName: "dynamic-storage-class",
                resources: {
                    requests: {
                        storage: "1Gi"
                    }
                }
            }
        }]
    }
});

Key Points

StorageClass: Defines the provisioner and parameters for dynamic volume provisioning.
StatefulSet: Manages the deployment and scaling of a set of pods, with guarantees about the ordering and uniqueness of these pods.
Persistent Volume Claim Templates: Used in StatefulSets to ensure each pod gets its own persistent volume.

Summary

We created a StorageClass for dynamic provisioning of persistent volumes and a StatefulSet that uses this StorageClass to create persistent volumes for each pod. This setup ensures that each replica of the stateful application has its own dedicated storage.

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