Deploy the mysql-ob helm chart on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

To deploy the `mysql-ob` Helm chart on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), you will need to follow these high-level steps:

1. **Set up an AKS Cluster**: This involves creating an AKS cluster where your helm chart will be deployed. An AKS Cluster provides a managed Kubernetes service which simplifies the deployment and management of containerized applications.

2. **Configure Helm and Kubernetes Providers**: Pulumi needs to work with both Helm and Kubernetes providers. The Helm provider is responsible for deploying charts, while the Kubernetes provider is used for configuring the necessary resources within the AKS cluster.

3. **Deploy the Helm Chart**: After configuring providers, you will use the `helm.Chart` resource to deploy your `mysql-ob` chart.

Below is a Pulumi program written in TypeScript to achieve these steps.

### Detailed Program Explanation

```typescript
import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as azure from "@pulumi/azure";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";
import * as azuread from "@pulumi/azuread";
import * as random from "@pulumi/random";

// Step 1: Create an Azure Resource Group for organizing related resources
const resourceGroup = new azure.core.ResourceGroup("aksResourceGroup", {
    location: "East US", // You can choose the Azure region that's right for you.
});

// Step 2: Create an Azure AD Application for AKS
const app = new azuread.Application("aks");

// Step 3: Create a Service Principal for the AKS Application
const servicePrincipal = new azuread.ServicePrincipal("aksSp", {
    applicationId: app.applicationId,
});

// Step 4: Generate a random password for the Service Principal
const password = new random.RandomPassword("password", {
    length: 20,
    special: true,
});

// Step 5: Create the Service Principal Password
const servicePrincipalPassword = new azuread.ServicePrincipalPassword("aksSpPassword", {
    servicePrincipalId: servicePrincipal.id,
    endDate: "2099-01-01T00:00:00Z",
    value: password.result,
});

// Step 6: Create the AKS cluster itself
const cluster = new azure.containerservice.KubernetesCluster("aksCluster", {
    resourceGroupName: resourceGroup.name,
    defaultNodePool: {
        name: "default",
        nodeCount: 2,
        vmSize: "Standard_DS2_v2",
    },
    dnsPrefix: `${pulumi.getStack()}-kube`,
    servicePrincipal: {
        clientId: app.applicationId,
        clientSecret: servicePrincipalPassword.value,
    },
    // An explicit Kubernetes version can also be set if needed
});

// Step 7: Export the kubeconfig
export const kubeconfig = pulumi.
    all([cluster.name, resourceGroup.name]).
    apply(([clusterName, rgName]) => {
        return cluster.kubeConfigRaw;
    });

// Step 8: Configure the Kubernetes provider to use the kubeconfig from the newly created AKS cluster
const k8sProvider = new k8s.Provider("k8sProvider", {
    kubeconfig: kubeconfig,
});

// Step 9: Deploy the mysql-ob Helm chart into the AKS cluster using the Helm provider
const mysqlChart = new k8s.helm.v3.Chart("mysql-ob", {
    chart: "mysql",
    version: "1.6.9",  // Specify the version of the chart that you want to deploy
    fetchOpts: {
        repo: "https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami", // Set to the correct repository
    },
}, { provider: k8sProvider });

// Step 10: Export the MySQL service endpoint
export const mysqlService = mysqlChart.getResource("v1/Service", "mysql-ob").status.apply(status => `MySQL Service IP: ${status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}`);
```

### Detailed Program Breakdown

1. **Resource Group**: A resource group is a collection of resources that share the same lifecycle, permissions, and policies. We create one for our AKS cluster.

2. **Azure AD Application & Service Principal**: These allow our AKS cluster to interact with other Azure resources securely.

3. **Kubernetes Cluster**: This is the managed AKS cluster. We configure node size, count, and other parameters required for your workloads.

4. **Kubeconfig**: This is the configuration file that Pulumi and `kubectl` use to communicate with your Kubernetes cluster.

5. **Kubernetes Provider**: This Pulumi provider connects to the AKS cluster using the `kubeconfig` obtained from the AKS cluster creation in order to manage Kubernetes resources.

6. **Helm Chart**: We deploy the `mysql-ob` chart from the Bitnami repository on our AKS cluster using Pulumi's Helm provider. We specify the version of the chart to ensure the right one is used.

7. **Exporting Outputs**: We're extracting the Kubernetes Service resource created by the Helm chart to easily find the IP your `mysql-ob` service is available at.

### Using the Program

To use this program, ensure you have Pulumi installed and are logged into your Azure account where you want to deploy resources:

1. Save the above code into a `index.ts` file.
2. Run `pulumi up` to preview and deploy the changes.

Pulumi will print out the `kubeconfig` and `mysqlService` endpoints as stack outputs that you can use to access your AKS cluster and the deployed MySQL instance.

You will need to install the required Pulumi packages for Azure and Kubernetes by running:

```bash
pulumi new @pulumi/kubernetes
pulumi new @pulumi/azure
pulumi new @pulumi/azuread
pulumi new @pulumi/random
```

This creates the necessary project structure and installs the Node.js dependencies.

Remember that you can tweak this program by changing region, node sizes, the version of Kubernetes, and so on to better match your specific requirements.