Secure DNS for AI Platform Services

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

### Overview

To secure DNS for AI platform services, we can use managed DNS zones within a cloud provider's networking services. A managed DNS zone allows you to handle your domain's DNS records, providing a way to route users to your application while also applying certain security measures such as DNSSEC to protect against DNS spoofing attacks.

In Google Cloud, you can use the Cloud DNS service to create managed zones, and enable security features like DNSSEC. Similarly, in AWS, you can leverage Route 53 to manage DNS records and enable DNSSEC for your domains.

Below, I'll show you how to create a secure managed DNS zone using the Google Cloud Provider (`pulumi_gcp`) in Pulumi with Python. This managed zone will be private, meaning it will only resolve within your specified network.

### Setting Up a Secure Private Managed DNS Zone with Cloud DNS in Google Cloud

The following Pulumi program demonstrates how to set up a private Managed DNS Zone in Google Cloud, securing it by enabling DNSSEC.

```python
import pulumi
import pulumi_gcp as gcp

# This assumes you have already set up a network within Google Cloud where you want to deploy your DNS Zone.
# Replace 'your-network' with the actual network name.
network_name = 'your-network'

# Retrieving the network resource so it can be associated with the Managed DNS Zone.
network = gcp.compute.Network.get('network', network_name)

# Creating a private Managed DNS Zone.
managed_zone = gcp.dns.ManagedZone('secure-private-dns-zone',
    name='secure-ai-services-zone',
    dns_name='ai-platform.example.com.',  # DNS name for the managed zone.
    description='Secure DNS zone for AI platform services',
    visibility='private',  # This specifies that the DNS zone is private.
    private_visibility_config=gcp.dns.ManagedZonePrivateVisibilityConfigArgs(
        networks=[gcp.dns.ManagedZonePrivateVisibilityConfigNetworkArgs(
            network_url=network.self_link,  # Linking to the previously fetched network resource.
        )]
    ),
    dnssec_config=gcp.dns.ManagedZoneDnsSecConfigArgs(
        state='on',  # Enabling DNSSEC to add an additional layer of security
        non_existence='nsec3',
        default_key_specs=[
            gcp.dns.ManagedZoneDnsSecConfigDefaultKeySpecArgs(
                algorithm='rsasha256',
                key_length=2048,
                key_type='keySigning',
                kind='dnsKeySpec',
            ),
            gcp.dns.ManagedZoneDnsSecConfigDefaultKeySpecArgs(
                algorithm='rsasha256',
                key_length=2048,
                key_type='zoneSigning',
                kind='dnsKeySpec',
            ),
        ]
    ))

# Exporting the name servers of the managed zone to be used in domain registrar settings.
pulumi.export('name_servers', managed_zone.name_servers)
```

### Explanation

- We define `network_name` that should correspond to an existing VPC network in Google Cloud where the DNS zone will function.
- `network` is fetched using `pulumi_gcp.compute.Network.get()`, which provides the network details necessary to create the managed DNS zone associated with this network.
- We create the `ManagedZone` resource, a representation of a DNS zone. Its attributes define the DNS name, description, and configuration details.
  - `dns_name` is the DNS suffix for all the records within this zone, effectively forming fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) together with the record names.
  - `visibility` is set to `private`, indicating that this DNS zone will only resolve within the specified network.
  - `private_visibility_config` links our DNS zone to the previously defined network resource.
  - `dnssec_config` enables and configures DNSSEC, a feature that adds cryptographic signatures to DNS records to protect against certain types of cyber attacks, such as cache poisoning and man-in-the-middle attacks.
- Finally, we export the `name_servers` which would typically be used to delegate a subdomain to these servers from your domain registrar or root DNS zone.

This program creates a secure, private managed DNS zone for AI platform services. This way, internal services can securely resolve domain names without exposing DNS data to the public internet, and DNSSEC helps to ensure that DNS queries are not tampered with.

Remember to replace the placeholder values (like `'ai-platform.example.com.'`) with the actual values that correspond to your domain and network configuration.