Deploy the helm-csi-driver-nfs helm chart on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

To deploy the `helm-csi-driver-nfs` chart on Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) using Pulumi, we need to perform several tasks:
1. Set up an AKS cluster.
2. Install the Helm chart `csi-driver-nfs` on the AKS cluster.

We'll use the `@pulumi/azure-native` package to create the AKS cluster and the `@pulumi/kubernetes` package to deploy the Helm chart.

First, ensure you have an Azure account and have configured your Pulumi with the appropriate access to manage resources in your Azure subscription.

Here's an outline of the steps we will take in the Pulumi program:
1. Import the necessary packages.
2. Define the AKS cluster configuration.
3. Deploy the AKS cluster.
4. Deploy the Helm chart to the AKS cluster using the Kubernetes provider configured to talk to the AKS cluster.

Let's write the program step by step:

### Step 1: Setting up the AKS Cluster

We'll create a new AKS cluster. The key properties we'll define include the location (region), resource group, DNS prefix, Linux profile for SSH access, node pool configuration, and others as required.

### Step 2: Deploying the Helm Chart

Once the AKS cluster is set up, we can deploy Helm charts. To do so, we'll need to use the Pulumi Kubernetes provider, which will communicate with our newly created AKS cluster.

Below is the TypeScript program that performs these steps:

```typescript
import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as azure from "@pulumi/azure-native";
import * as k8s from "@pulumi/kubernetes";

// Create an AKS cluster.
const resourceGroup = new azure.resources.ResourceGroup("aksResourceGroup");

const cluster = new azure.containerservice.ManagedCluster("aksCluster", {
    resourceGroupName: resourceGroup.name,
    agentPoolProfiles: [{
        count: 2,
        maxPods: 110,
        mode: "System",
        name: "agentpool",
        osDiskSizeGB: 30,
        osType: "Linux",
        vmSize: "Standard_DS2_v2",
    }],
    dnsPrefix: pulumi.interpolate`${resourceGroup.name}-kube`,
    enableRBAC: true,
    kubernetesVersion: "1.19.11",
    linuxProfile: {
        adminUsername: "testuser",
        ssh: {
            publicKeys: [{
                keyData: "ssh-rsa AAAAB3Nz...",
            }],
        },
    },
    nodeResourceGroup: pulumi.interpolate`${resourceGroup.name}-aks`,
    identity: {
        type: "SystemAssigned",
    },
});

// Export the kubeconfig to access the AKS cluster.
export const kubeconfig = pulumi.
    all([cluster.name, resourceGroup.name]).
    apply(([clusterName, rgName]) => {
        return azure.containerservice.listManagedClusterUserCredentials({
            resourceName: clusterName,
            resourceGroupName: rgName,
        });
    }).
    apply(creds => Buffer.from(creds.kubeconfigs[0].value, 'base64').toString());

// Create a Kubernetes provider instance that uses our kubeconfig.
const k8sProvider = new k8s.Provider("k8sProvider", {
    kubeconfig,
});

// Install the csi-driver-nfs using the Helm chart.
const csiDriverNfs = new k8s.helm.v3.Chart("csi-driver-nfs", {
    chart: "csi-driver-nfs",
    version: "3.1.0", // Replace with the version you want to deploy
    namespace: "kube-system", // You can specify the namespace here if needed
    fetchOpts: {
        repo: "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes-csi/csi-driver-nfs/master/charts",
    }
}, { provider: k8sProvider });

```

**Explanation:**

1. The `ResourceGroup` resource creates a group where all related AKS resources are allocated.

2. The `ManagedCluster` resource sets up the AKS cluster. We specify the size and number of nodes in the agent pool, the SSH key, and other properties.

3. `kubeconfig` is exported to allow management of the AKS cluster using Kubernetes tools like `kubectl`.

4. The `Provider` resource tells Pulumi how to communicate with our AKS cluster to deploy applications.

5. Finally, we declare a new `Chart` resource which uses the Kubernetes provider, and this is how Pulumi understands that we want to deploy the `csi-driver-nfs` Helm chart into our AKS cluster.

This is a simple, yet powerful, Pulumi program which provisions an AKS cluster and deploys a desired Helm chart. Once you're ready, you can run this program using the Pulumi CLI and it will handle creating these resources in the correct order.

To apply the Pulumi program, run `pulumi up`. This command will print a preview of the changes and prompt you to confirm them before making any actual changes to your cloud resources. If everything looks good, select "yes" to proceed with the deployment. After the deployment completes, the Kubernetes cluster should be running, and the NFS CSI driver should be installed.