Multi-Tenancy for AI Platforms with Ingress Namespacing

Question

Pulumi · Accepted Answer

Multi-tenancy is an architecture where a single instance of software runs on a server and serves multiple tenants, or users. In the context of AI Platforms, multi-tenancy allows different teams or projects to work independently in isolated environments within the same infrastructure. This is particularly useful in cloud environments where resources can be efficiently shared and managed.

In Kubernetes, one of the common ways to achieve multi-tenancy is through the use of Namespaces. Namespaces are a way to divide cluster resources between multiple users. Ingress resources in Kubernetes are used to manage access to services in a cluster by providing HTTP and HTTPS routes from outside the cluster to services within the cluster.

In the context of creating a multi-tenant AI platform, we would create different namespaces for each tenant. Each namespace could host services related to the AI Platform, and we would use Ingress resources to manage external access to these services.

The `kubernetes.core/v1.Namespace` resource in Pulumi represents a Kubernetes namespace, and the `kubernetes.networking.k8s.io/v1.Ingress` resource represents an Ingress object that can be used to manage access to services.

Below is a Pulumi program that demonstrates how to create a multi-tenant AI platform using Kubernetes Namespaces and Ingress resources. This program assumes that you have set up Pulumi and have the necessary cloud and Kubernetes configurations in place.

```python
import pulumi
import pulumi_kubernetes as k8s

# Create a namespace for each tenant
tenant_namespaces = []
for i in range(3):  # Example with 3 tenants
    tenant_namespace = k8s.core.v1.Namespace(
        f"tenant-namespace-{i}",
        metadata={
            "name": f"tenant-{i}"
        }
    )
    tenant_namespaces.append(tenant_namespace)

# Deploy Ingress resources for each tenant
for i, tenant_namespace in enumerate(tenant_namespaces):
    ingress = k8s.networking.v1.Ingress(
        f"tenant-ingress-{i}",
        metadata=k8s.meta.v1.ObjectMetaArgs(
            name=f"tenant-ingress-{i}",
            namespace=tenant_namespace.metadata["name"],
        ),
        spec=k8s.networking.v1.IngressSpecArgs(
            rules=[
                k8s.networking.v1.IngressRuleArgs(
                    host=f"tenant-{i}.example.ai",
                    http=k8s.networking.v1.HTTPIngressRuleValueArgs(
                        paths=[
                            k8s.networking.v1.HTTPIngressPathArgs(
                                path=f"/ai-service",
                                path_type="Prefix",
                                backend=k8s.networking.v1.IngressBackendArgs(
                                    service=k8s.networking.v1.IngressServiceBackendArgs(
                                        name=f"tenant-{i}-ai-service",
                                        port=k8s.networking.v1.ServiceBackendPortArgs(
                                            number=80,
                                        ),
                                    ),
                                ),
                            ),
                        ],
                    ),
                ),
            ],
        ),
    )

# Export the Ingress hostnames for each tenant
for i, tenant_namespace in enumerate(tenant_namespaces):
    pulumi.export(f"tenant_{i}_ingress_hostname", tenant_namespace.metadata.apply(lambda metadata: f"tenant-{i}.example.ai"))
```

In this program, we create three namespaces, each representing a tenant. We then create an Ingress resource for each tenant that specifies a host and a path for accessing an AI service running within that tenant's namespace. This setup ensures that each tenant's traffic is properly routed to their respective services, providing isolation and enabling multi-tenancy on our AI platform.

The `pulumi.export` lines at the end of the program are there to output the generated hostnames for each tenant's Ingress, which would typically be used to access the AI services from outside the Kubernetes cluster.

- [Kubernetes Namespace Documentation](https://www.pulumi.com/registry/packages/kubernetes/api-docs/core/v1/namespace/)
- [Kubernetes Ingress Documentation](https://www.pulumi.com/registry/packages/kubernetes/api-docs/networking/v1/ingress/)

This is a foundational example. Depending on the specific requirements of your AI Platform, such as security, tenant-specific configurations, or resource quotas, you might need to adjust the configurations or add additional resources like ResourceQuotas, NetworkPolicies, or ServiceAccounts.