Manage GCP Identity-Aware Proxy IAM Policies

The gcp:iap/webForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy:WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy resource, part of the Pulumi GCP provider, manages IAM policies for Identity-Aware Proxy forwarding rule services, controlling who can access IAP-protected resources. This guide focuses on four capabilities: authoritative policy replacement, role-based bindings, incremental member grants, and time-based access with IAM Conditions.

These resources manage access to existing IAP-protected forwarding rule services. They don’t create the forwarding rules themselves. The examples are intentionally small. Combine them with your own forwarding rule infrastructure and organizational access patterns.

Replace the entire IAM policy for a forwarding rule service

When you need complete control over who can access an IAP-protected forwarding rule service, you can set the entire IAM policy at once, replacing any existing permissions.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as gcp from "@pulumi/gcp";

const admin = gcp.organizations.getIAMPolicy({
    bindings: [{
        role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
        members: ["user:jane@example.com"],
    }],
});
const policy = new gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", {
    project: _default.project,
    forwardingRuleServiceName: _default.name,
    policyData: admin.then(admin => admin.policyData),
});

import pulumi
import pulumi_gcp as gcp

admin = gcp.organizations.get_iam_policy(bindings=[{
    "role": "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    "members": ["user:jane@example.com"],
}])
policy = gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy",
    project=default["project"],
    forwarding_rule_service_name=default["name"],
    policy_data=admin.policy_data)

package main

import (
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/iap"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/organizations"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi/sdk/v3/go/pulumi"
)

func main() {
	pulumi.Run(func(ctx *pulumi.Context) error {
		admin, err := organizations.LookupIAMPolicy(ctx, &organizations.LookupIAMPolicyArgs{
			Bindings: []organizations.GetIAMPolicyBinding{
				{
					Role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
					Members: []string{
						"user:jane@example.com",
					},
				},
			},
		}, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		_, err = iap.NewWebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy(ctx, "policy", &iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs{
			Project:                   pulumi.Any(_default.Project),
			ForwardingRuleServiceName: pulumi.Any(_default.Name),
			PolicyData:                pulumi.String(admin.PolicyData),
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return nil
	})
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Pulumi;
using Gcp = Pulumi.Gcp;

return await Deployment.RunAsync(() => 
{
    var admin = Gcp.Organizations.GetIAMPolicy.Invoke(new()
    {
        Bindings = new[]
        {
            new Gcp.Organizations.Inputs.GetIAMPolicyBindingInputArgs
            {
                Role = "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
                Members = new[]
                {
                    "user:jane@example.com",
                },
            },
        },
    });

    var policy = new Gcp.Iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", new()
    {
        Project = @default.Project,
        ForwardingRuleServiceName = @default.Name,
        PolicyData = admin.Apply(getIAMPolicyResult => getIAMPolicyResult.PolicyData),
    });

});

package generated_program;

import com.pulumi.Context;
import com.pulumi.Pulumi;
import com.pulumi.core.Output;
import com.pulumi.gcp.organizations.OrganizationsFunctions;
import com.pulumi.gcp.organizations.inputs.GetIAMPolicyArgs;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pulumi.run(App::stack);
    }

    public static void stack(Context ctx) {
        final var admin = OrganizationsFunctions.getIAMPolicy(GetIAMPolicyArgs.builder()
            .bindings(GetIAMPolicyBindingArgs.builder()
                .role("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor")
                .members("user:jane@example.com")
                .build())
            .build());

        var policy = new WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs.builder()
            .project(default_.project())
            .forwardingRuleServiceName(default_.name())
            .policyData(admin.policyData())
            .build());

    }
}

resources:
  policy:
    type: gcp:iap:WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy
    properties:
      project: ${default.project}
      forwardingRuleServiceName: ${default.name}
      policyData: ${admin.policyData}
variables:
  admin:
    fn::invoke:
      function: gcp:organizations:getIAMPolicy
      arguments:
        bindings:
          - role: roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor
            members:
              - user:jane@example.com

The WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy resource is authoritative: it replaces the entire IAM policy with the bindings you specify. The policyData comes from getIAMPolicy, which constructs the policy document from role and member lists. The forwardingRuleServiceName identifies which IAP-protected service receives the policy.

Grant a role to multiple members at once

Teams often need to grant the same role to several users or service accounts simultaneously, preserving other roles that may already exist on the resource.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as gcp from "@pulumi/gcp";

const binding = new gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding("binding", {
    project: _default.project,
    forwardingRuleServiceName: _default.name,
    role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    members: ["user:jane@example.com"],
});

import pulumi
import pulumi_gcp as gcp

binding = gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding("binding",
    project=default["project"],
    forwarding_rule_service_name=default["name"],
    role="roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    members=["user:jane@example.com"])

package main

import (
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/iap"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi/sdk/v3/go/pulumi"
)

func main() {
	pulumi.Run(func(ctx *pulumi.Context) error {
		_, err := iap.NewWebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding(ctx, "binding", &iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBindingArgs{
			Project:                   pulumi.Any(_default.Project),
			ForwardingRuleServiceName: pulumi.Any(_default.Name),
			Role:                      pulumi.String("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor"),
			Members: pulumi.StringArray{
				pulumi.String("user:jane@example.com"),
			},
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return nil
	})
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Pulumi;
using Gcp = Pulumi.Gcp;

return await Deployment.RunAsync(() => 
{
    var binding = new Gcp.Iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding("binding", new()
    {
        Project = @default.Project,
        ForwardingRuleServiceName = @default.Name,
        Role = "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
        Members = new[]
        {
            "user:jane@example.com",
        },
    });

});

package generated_program;

import com.pulumi.Context;
import com.pulumi.Pulumi;
import com.pulumi.core.Output;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBindingArgs;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pulumi.run(App::stack);
    }

    public static void stack(Context ctx) {
        var binding = new WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding("binding", WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBindingArgs.builder()
            .project(default_.project())
            .forwardingRuleServiceName(default_.name())
            .role("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor")
            .members("user:jane@example.com")
            .build());

    }
}

resources:
  binding:
    type: gcp:iap:WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding
    properties:
      project: ${default.project}
      forwardingRuleServiceName: ${default.name}
      role: roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor
      members:
        - user:jane@example.com

The WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding resource is authoritative for a single role: it sets the complete member list for that role while leaving other roles untouched. The members array can include users, service accounts, groups, or domains. This approach works well when you manage all members for a role together.

Add a single member to a role incrementally

When you need to grant access to one additional user without affecting existing members, the non-authoritative member resource adds that user to the role.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as gcp from "@pulumi/gcp";

const member = new gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember("member", {
    project: _default.project,
    forwardingRuleServiceName: _default.name,
    role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    member: "user:jane@example.com",
});

import pulumi
import pulumi_gcp as gcp

member = gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember("member",
    project=default["project"],
    forwarding_rule_service_name=default["name"],
    role="roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    member="user:jane@example.com")

package main

import (
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/iap"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi/sdk/v3/go/pulumi"
)

func main() {
	pulumi.Run(func(ctx *pulumi.Context) error {
		_, err := iap.NewWebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember(ctx, "member", &iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMemberArgs{
			Project:                   pulumi.Any(_default.Project),
			ForwardingRuleServiceName: pulumi.Any(_default.Name),
			Role:                      pulumi.String("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor"),
			Member:                    pulumi.String("user:jane@example.com"),
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return nil
	})
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Pulumi;
using Gcp = Pulumi.Gcp;

return await Deployment.RunAsync(() => 
{
    var member = new Gcp.Iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember("member", new()
    {
        Project = @default.Project,
        ForwardingRuleServiceName = @default.Name,
        Role = "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
        Member = "user:jane@example.com",
    });

});

package generated_program;

import com.pulumi.Context;
import com.pulumi.Pulumi;
import com.pulumi.core.Output;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMemberArgs;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pulumi.run(App::stack);
    }

    public static void stack(Context ctx) {
        var member = new WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember("member", WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMemberArgs.builder()
            .project(default_.project())
            .forwardingRuleServiceName(default_.name())
            .role("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor")
            .member("user:jane@example.com")
            .build());

    }
}

resources:
  member:
    type: gcp:iap:WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember
    properties:
      project: ${default.project}
      forwardingRuleServiceName: ${default.name}
      role: roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor
      member: user:jane@example.com

The WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember resource is non-authoritative: it adds one member to a role without removing others. This lets you grant access incrementally, which is useful when different teams manage different users. The member property uses the standard IAM format (user:, serviceAccount:, group:, or domain:).

Apply time-based access with IAM Conditions

Access requirements sometimes include expiration dates or other conditional logic. IAM Conditions let you attach temporal or contextual constraints to policy bindings.

import * as pulumi from "@pulumi/pulumi";
import * as gcp from "@pulumi/gcp";

const admin = gcp.organizations.getIAMPolicy({
    bindings: [{
        role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
        members: ["user:jane@example.com"],
        condition: {
            title: "expires_after_2019_12_31",
            description: "Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31",
            expression: "request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")",
        },
    }],
});
const policy = new gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", {
    project: _default.project,
    forwardingRuleServiceName: _default.name,
    policyData: admin.then(admin => admin.policyData),
});

import pulumi
import pulumi_gcp as gcp

admin = gcp.organizations.get_iam_policy(bindings=[{
    "role": "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
    "members": ["user:jane@example.com"],
    "condition": {
        "title": "expires_after_2019_12_31",
        "description": "Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31",
        "expression": "request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")",
    },
}])
policy = gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy",
    project=default["project"],
    forwarding_rule_service_name=default["name"],
    policy_data=admin.policy_data)

package main

import (
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/iap"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi-gcp/sdk/v9/go/gcp/organizations"
	"github.com/pulumi/pulumi/sdk/v3/go/pulumi"
)

func main() {
	pulumi.Run(func(ctx *pulumi.Context) error {
		admin, err := organizations.LookupIAMPolicy(ctx, &organizations.LookupIAMPolicyArgs{
			Bindings: []organizations.GetIAMPolicyBinding{
				{
					Role: "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
					Members: []string{
						"user:jane@example.com",
					},
					Condition: {
						Title:       "expires_after_2019_12_31",
						Description: pulumi.StringRef("Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31"),
						Expression:  "request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")",
					},
				},
			},
		}, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		_, err = iap.NewWebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy(ctx, "policy", &iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs{
			Project:                   pulumi.Any(_default.Project),
			ForwardingRuleServiceName: pulumi.Any(_default.Name),
			PolicyData:                pulumi.String(admin.PolicyData),
		})
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		return nil
	})
}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Pulumi;
using Gcp = Pulumi.Gcp;

return await Deployment.RunAsync(() => 
{
    var admin = Gcp.Organizations.GetIAMPolicy.Invoke(new()
    {
        Bindings = new[]
        {
            new Gcp.Organizations.Inputs.GetIAMPolicyBindingInputArgs
            {
                Role = "roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor",
                Members = new[]
                {
                    "user:jane@example.com",
                },
                Condition = new Gcp.Organizations.Inputs.GetIAMPolicyBindingConditionInputArgs
                {
                    Title = "expires_after_2019_12_31",
                    Description = "Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31",
                    Expression = "request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")",
                },
            },
        },
    });

    var policy = new Gcp.Iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", new()
    {
        Project = @default.Project,
        ForwardingRuleServiceName = @default.Name,
        PolicyData = admin.Apply(getIAMPolicyResult => getIAMPolicyResult.PolicyData),
    });

});

package generated_program;

import com.pulumi.Context;
import com.pulumi.Pulumi;
import com.pulumi.core.Output;
import com.pulumi.gcp.organizations.OrganizationsFunctions;
import com.pulumi.gcp.organizations.inputs.GetIAMPolicyArgs;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy;
import com.pulumi.gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Pulumi.run(App::stack);
    }

    public static void stack(Context ctx) {
        final var admin = OrganizationsFunctions.getIAMPolicy(GetIAMPolicyArgs.builder()
            .bindings(GetIAMPolicyBindingArgs.builder()
                .role("roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor")
                .members("user:jane@example.com")
                .condition(GetIAMPolicyBindingConditionArgs.builder()
                    .title("expires_after_2019_12_31")
                    .description("Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31")
                    .expression("request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")")
                    .build())
                .build())
            .build());

        var policy = new WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy("policy", WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicyArgs.builder()
            .project(default_.project())
            .forwardingRuleServiceName(default_.name())
            .policyData(admin.policyData())
            .build());

    }
}

resources:
  policy:
    type: gcp:iap:WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy
    properties:
      project: ${default.project}
      forwardingRuleServiceName: ${default.name}
      policyData: ${admin.policyData}
variables:
  admin:
    fn::invoke:
      function: gcp:organizations:getIAMPolicy
      arguments:
        bindings:
          - role: roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor
            members:
              - user:jane@example.com
            condition:
              title: expires_after_2019_12_31
              description: Expiring at midnight of 2019-12-31
              expression: request.time < timestamp("2020-01-01T00:00:00Z")

IAM Conditions add a condition block to any of the three resource types. The expression uses Common Expression Language (CEL) to define when the binding applies. Here, the timestamp function creates an expiration date. The title and description help identify the condition in audit logs and the console.

Beyond these examples

These snippets focus on specific IAM management features: authoritative and non-authoritative IAM management, and IAM Conditions for temporal access control. They’re intentionally minimal rather than full access control systems.

The examples reference pre-existing infrastructure such as IAP-protected forwarding rule services and GCP projects with IAP enabled. They focus on configuring access policies rather than provisioning the underlying forwarding rules.

To keep things focused, common IAM patterns are omitted, including:

Custom IAM roles (uses predefined roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor)
Service account impersonation and delegation
Audit logging configuration
Resource conflict handling between Policy, Binding, and Member resources

These omissions are intentional: the goal is to illustrate how each IAM resource type is wired, not provide drop-in access control modules. See the WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy resource reference for all available configuration options.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Resource Selection & Conflicts

Which IAM resource should I use for managing access?

You have three options: gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy (authoritative, replaces entire policy), gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding (authoritative for a specific role, preserves other roles), or gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember (non-authoritative, adds individual members while preserving others).

Why am I getting IAM policy conflicts between my resources?

gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamPolicy cannot be used with gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding or gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember because they will conflict over policy management. Choose one approach: use Policy alone (authoritative) or use Binding/Member (granular).

Can I use Binding and Member resources together?

Yes, but only if they manage different roles. gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamBinding and gcp.iap.WebForwardingRuleServiceIamMember will conflict if they grant privileges to the same role.

IAM Conditions

How do I add time-based or conditional access to my IAM policy?

Add a condition block with title, description, and expression fields. For example, to expire access at a specific time, use expression: "request.time < timestamp(\"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z\")".

What are the limitations of IAM Conditions?

IAM Conditions are supported but have known limitations. If you encounter issues with IAM Conditions, review the GCP documentation on IAM Conditions limitations.

Using a different cloud?

Explore security guides for other cloud providers:

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