We recently announced a new policy as code solution, CrossGuard that validates policies at deployment time. Policies are expressed as code and are used to prevent the creation of out-of-compliance resources. This allows an organization to prevent entire classes of security and reliability defects to ensure infrastructure is following best practices. Because policies are written using full-blown programming languages, it’s possible to do interesting things such as combining IAM Access Analyzer and Pulumi CrossGuard. In this post, we’ll take a closer look at the different types of policies that can be written.

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AWS Lambda cold starts (the time it takes for AWS to assign a worker to a request) are a major frustration point of many serverless programmers. In this article, we will take a look at the problem of latency-critical serverless applications, and how Provisioned Concurrency impacts the status-quo.

1. Concurrency Model of AWS Lambda
2. Cold Starts
3. Warming
4. Provisioned Concurrency
5. Dynamic Provisioned Concurrency
6. Pricing
7. Conclusion

Concurrency Model of AWS Lambda

Despite being serverless, AWS Lambda uses lightweight containers to process incoming requests. Every container, or worker, can process only a single request at any given time.

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Last month, we announced .NET support for Pulumi, including support for AWS, Azure, GCP, and many other clouds. One of the biggest questions we heard was about Kubernetes — “can I use Pulumi to manage Kubernetes infrastructure in C#, F#, and VB.NET as I can already in TypeScript and Python today?” With last week’s release of Pulumi.Kubernetes on NuGet, you can now also deploy Kubernetes infrastructure using your favorite .NET languages.

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AWS Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) provides a range of performance and control for dynamically scaling your Kubernetes clusters, including Managed Node Groups, Fargate, and Manually-Managed Node Groups in EC2. In this post, we’ll see how to use each of these compute options, and when to prefer one over the other in order to maximize productivity, flexibility, and control, based on your needs.

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Yesterday AWS announced an exciting new feature — the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Access Analyzer — a service powered by automated reasoning that detects potentially-insecure access to your AWS resources, including S3 Buckets, SQS Queues, Lambdas, and more. At the same time, Pulumi announced a new policy as code solution, CrossGuard, that validates policies at deployment time. The question is: Can IAM Access Analyzer and Pulumi CrossGuard be combined to get the best of both solutions? The answer is Yes!

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Over the past few months, we have been hard at work on Pulumi CrossGuard, a Policy as Code solution. Using CrossGuard, you can express flexible business and security rules using code. CrossGuard enables organization administrators to enforce these policies across their organization or just on specific stacks. CrossGuard allows you to verify or enforce custom policies on changes before they are applied to your resources. CrossGuard is 100% open source and available to all users of Pulumi, including the Individual Edition. Advanced organization-wide policy management features are available to Enterprise customers.

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Today we’ve published Pulumi’s 2.0 roadmap. 2.0 is the next major phase in Pulumi’s journey, and will include better productivity through languages, libraries, and tools, in addition to advanced features for teams in production. And, though we are excited to share our own thoughts, more than anything else, we’d love to hear your feedback to help make sure it’s right.

Since releasing Pulumi 1.0 in September, we have heard loud and clear that you appreciate the commitment to compatibility, as well as the completeness and stability of the platform, and we have been hard at work making sure we honor those promises.

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A big part of our vision with Pulumi is to bring application developers and infrastructure teams closer together in the cloud. That includes both providing infrastructure teams with better software engineering tools, as well as providing developers with easier access to cloud infrastructure. We are often inspired by looking at great software engineering experiences in other development stacks and applying them to the cloud infrastructure space. Whether it be general-purpose languages and rich IDEs, testing and package management, or components and rich APIs, at Pulumi, we’ve repeatedly applied successful development tools and practices to the challenges of building and scaling modern cloud infrastructure.

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We had a fantastic time at KubeCon in San Diego. At the event, the Pulumi team released two technology previews: Pulumi Crosswalk for Kubernetes and Pulumi Query for Kubernetes.

Crosswalk for Kubernetes is a set of common patterns compiled in playbooks. These patterns reduce the complex Kubernetes API syntax by providing trusted defaults with idiomatic Kubernetes. Checkout a quick introduction to Crosswalk for Kubernetes in this blog post.

Sara Novotny defined observability as “the ability to ask of your system and learn from it” during her keynote with Liz Fong-Jones. Query for Kubernetes enables observability programmatically by exposing resource processes through either batch or streaming queries. Learn more about Query for Kubernetes in our blog post.

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Running Kubernetes in production can be challenging. This past year, Pulumi has collected common patterns of usage informed by best practices for provisioning Kubernetes infrastructure and running containerized applications. We call this Pulumi Crosswalk for Kubernetes: a collection of playbooks and libraries to help you to successfully configure, deploy, and manage Kubernetes in a way that works for teams in production.

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